Prep your pan and oven: Line a 12-cup muffin tin with paper liners. Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C).
Mix dry ingredients: In a medium bowl, whisk together flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt.
Set aside.
Combine wet ingredients: In a large bowl, whisk sugar, eggs, melted butter, and oil until smooth and glossy. Add buttermilk, lemon juice, lemon zest, and vanilla. Whisk again until fully combined.
Bring the batter together: Add the dry ingredients to the wet in two additions.
Stir gently with a spatula until just combined. Do not overmix.
Prep the raspberries: Pat raspberries dry. Toss them with 1 tablespoon of flour to coat.
This helps keep them suspended in the batter.
Fold in the berries: Gently fold the raspberries into the batter, taking care not to crush them.
Fill liners: Divide the batter evenly among the 12 cups, filling each about 2/3 to 3/4 full.
Bake: Bake for 18–22 minutes, or until the tops spring back lightly and a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean or with a few moist crumbs.
Cool: Let cupcakes cool in the pan for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack to cool completely before frosting.
Make the frosting: Beat butter and cream cheese together until smooth and fluffy, about 2 minutes. Add 2 1/2 cups powdered sugar, lemon juice, orange juice, lemon zest, and a pinch of salt. Beat until creamy.
If too soft, add more powdered sugar; if too thick, add 1–2 teaspoons milk until it’s spreadable and holds peaks.
Frost: Once cupcakes are fully cool, spread or pipe the citrus frosting on top. Garnish with a fresh raspberry or a sprinkle of zest, if you like.